Hair loss, or alopecia, is a common phenomenon that can affect both men and women. It is characterised by excessive hair loss, often faster than the rate of regrowth. Although it is normal to lose between 50 and 100 hairs a day, more extensive hair loss can lead to a loss of hair mass and sometimes to bald patches.
Why does hair fall out?
Genetic: This is the most common cause of hair loss, caused by genetics and hormones. It generally manifests itself as a receding hairline in men and diffuse thinning in women.
Hormonal imbalances: Hormonal changes caused by pregnancy, the menopause or thyroid disorders can cause temporary or permanent hair loss. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can also contribute to hair loss in women.
Deficiencies: A lack of essential vitamins and minerals such as iron, zinc, and vitamins D and B, can weaken hair follicles and cause hair loss.
Stress and emotions: Physical or emotional stress can trigger diffuse hair loss, known as telogen effluvium, where hair prematurely enters a resting phase and falls out in large quantities.
Certain autoimmune diseases: Conditions such as alopecia areata, where the immune system attacks the hair follicles, can cause patchy hair loss.
Hair trauma: Too-tight hairstyles, excessive use of chemicals and heated appliances can damage hair and cause it to fall out.
Ageing: With age, the hair growth cycle slows down, which can lead to more pronounced hair loss.
