High Calcium Levels: What Are the Risks?

Calcium is a mineral; it belongs to the family of micronutrients, such as magnesium, iron, zinc, etc. It is the most abundant mineral in the body, accounting for between 1 and 2% of body weight. Nearly 99% of it is stored in the bones and teeth, with the remainder found in the blood, muscles, and certain organs.

What is it used for?

One of calcium’s essential roles is maintaining the structure and strength of bones and teeth. It also plays a role in many other functions, such as muscle contraction (including heart contractions), blood clotting, nerve signal transmission, and the release of certain hormones. Learn more about the benefits of calcium.

What is the appropriate calcium level?

In adults, a blood calcium level (known as serum calcium) between 2.20 and 2.80 mmol/L is considered optimal. A deficiency can affect the strength of teeth and bones and contribute to osteoporosis. This condition is characterized by a loss of bone density, which weakens the bones and increases the risk of fractures. Excessive calcium levels are also undesirable and can lead to various muscular, digestive, or renal disorders, which we will discuss later in this article. Levels above 5 mmol/L are classified as severe hypercalcemia, which can lead to kidney failure or serious neurological disorders requiring prompt medical attention.

The symptoms of high calcium levels vary depending on the specific level observed. Among the most common are:

Digestive issues: Constipation and intestinal pain are common, as calcium is essential for the intestinal contractions needed to pass stool. Nausea and vomiting may also occur. These digestive issues are usually the first symptoms to appear, and it is important to address them to prevent the onset of other signs that can sometimes be more serious. Learn how digestion works. 

Kidney problems: Increased urine output (urination), leading to more frequent urges to urinate, which can result in dehydration if fluid loss is not compensated by increased water intake. In general, the sensation of thirst also increases. If this condition persists, it can increase the risk of kidney stones, as a lack of water leads to more concentrated urine and a higher risk of mineral salt crystallization, which causes stones.

Muscle disorders: This mineral plays an important role in muscle contractions; therefore, an imbalance in its concentration can affect proper muscle function. Discover how to naturally relieve muscle spasms. 

Bone disorders: Hypercalcemia stimulates the release of calcium into the blood, leading to bone demineralization and consequently an increased risk of osteoporosis associated with greater bone fragility.

Nervous system disorders: It is an essential mineral for the transmission of nerve signals responsible for communication between the brain and cells; a disturbance in its blood levels can lead to cognitive disorders such as difficulty concentrating or mental confusion.  

Cardiovascular system: Excessive levels can lead to heart rhythm disorders or even more serious complications requiring medical attention. Discover 8 habits to maintain your cardiovascular health.

After a Master's degree in Management, followed by 20 years working for well-known companies in the food supplement and natural cosmetics sectors, I decided to turn my passion for nature into my profession. I now practise human and animal naturopathy, as well as sophrology. I also coach future naturopaths and sophrologists at various schools.