Acne is a common skin condition characterised by the appearance of pimples, blackheads, whiteheads and sometimes cysts on the skin. This condition can occur at any age, but it is particularly common during adolescence due to the hormonal changes that occur during this period. Several factors can contribute to the development of acne:
Overactive sebaceous glands: The sebaceous glands produce sebum, an oily substance that helps protect and moisturise the skin. In people with acne, the sebaceous glands can become overactive, producing an excessive amount of sebum. This can clog the skin’s pores and increase the formation of acne breakouts.
Bacterial overgrowth: A bacterium called Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is naturally present on the skin. In people with acne, this bacterium can overgrow in clogged hair follicles, triggering an inflammatory response and the formation of pimples.
Hormonal factors: Hormonal fluctuations, particularly during adolescence, pregnancy, or certain phases of the menstrual cycle, can influence sebum production and increase the risk of acne.
Genetic factors: A family history of acne can increase the risk of developing acne at some point in life.
Environmental and lifestyle factors: Factors such as stress, poor diet, exposure to pollution, smoking and the use of comedogenic cosmetics can also worsen acne.
Before considering a course of supplements, it is important to understand the causes and origins of acne. Bacterial acne is not treated in the same way as hormonal acne.