Colic in breastfed babies: what specific steps can help relieve it?

Infant colic refers to episodes of intense, inconsolable crying, often accompanied by restlessness and signs of abdominal discomfort, in a healthy infant. It generally appears around 2 to 3 weeks of age, peaks at 6 weeks, and resolves spontaneously around 3 to 4 months.

A breastfed baby may experience colic primarily due to the immaturity of their digestive system, which sometimes struggles to manage gas elimination or digestion. Other causes of colic can contribute to these reactions, such as a strong milk ejection reflex, leading to rapid swallowing of air, or temporary sensitivity to certain foods consumed by the mother. Although difficult to understand, cases of colic are common and benign, generally disappearing as the baby grows.

Colic related to breastfeeding can manifest as inconsolable crying after feedings, accompanied by gas and a tight belly. This is sometimes caused by an overabundance of milk or a strong let-down reflex, which can lead to rapid and excessive swallowing of air. If the mother consumes foods that can cause gas (such as cruciferous vegetables or dairy products), this can also contribute to the baby’s colic. Observing the infant’s reactions and adjusting breastfeeding positions can help alleviate these discomforts.

Good to know: If you have concerns about your baby’s colic, it’s always recommended to consult a healthcare professional, such as a paediatrician or lactation consultant. They can help you assess the situation, rule out other possible causes, and provide advice tailored to your specific situation.

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and infant colic are two common but distinct conditions. GERD is characterised by the backflow of milk or acid from the stomach into the oesophagus, which can cause vomiting, crying after feedings, discomfort when lying down and sometimes poor weight gain. In contrast, colic is linked to immaturity of the digestive system, manifesting as inconsolable crying, gas and a tight belly, often in the late afternoon or evening. Unlike GERD, colic does not cause visible vomiting and does not directly affect the digestion of nutrients. A medical consultation may be necessary to differentiate between the two conditions and tailor treatment accordingly.

1. Breastfeeding position and colic prevention: Adopting a proper breastfeeding position is essential to reduce air intake, a factor often linked to colic. Sit comfortably with a nursing pillow to support your posture and that of the baby. Make sure the baby’s mouth fully covers the nipple and part of the areola, while keeping the nose clear for effective sucking.

2. Foods to avoid for breastfeeding mothers: Certain substances in the mother’s diet can influence the baby’s colic. Choose foods rich in fibre, probiotics, and omega-3s to promote healthy digestion. Avoid caffeine, spicy foods, or potential allergens and consider keeping a food diary to identify possible triggers.

3. Soothing techniques: massages and warm baths: Gentle tummy massages, using clockwise circular motions, can help release gas and relax the digestive system. A warm bath, given in a calm environment, also helps soothe the abdominal muscles and promote the baby’s comfort. These simple, natural approaches, combined with careful observation, can greatly relieve colic and improve the infant’s well-being.

To relieve colic in a breastfed baby, make sure to use a proper breastfeeding position to limit air intake. Also, avoid self-medication or natural remedies without medical advice, especially if the baby is under 6 months old. Finally, monitor the infant’s reactions to your diet and consult a healthcare professional if in doubt.

Create a calm environment during feedings to reduce stress and improve latch. A digestive herbal tea for the mother can also help soothe the baby’s colic. Don’t hesitate to consult a lactation consultant if symptoms persist or if you’re having trouble breastfeeding.